Hirya hino mu Rwanda igare rikemura ibibazo byinshi. Haba ku mihanda ya kaburimbo cyagwa iy’igitaka, hirya iyo ahadakunze kugera imodoka, igare ni igisubizo ku bibazo byinshi: kujyana cyangwa kuvana ibintu ku masoko no gutwara abantu badashoboye gutega ipikipiki cyangwa imodoka, cyane mu ngendo zitari ndende. Ku banyonzi bayakoresha, igare ni yo nka yabo, ibakamira buri munsi. Ng’aha aho bamwe bahera bagira, bati “uwadushyiriraho gira igare rubyiruko.”
Iyi nkuru ni igitekerezo bwite cy’uwayanditse.
Mu rukerera muri buri karere k’u Rwanda, inzogera z’amagare ziba zivuza ubuhuha. Nko mu muhanda umanuka Shyorongi, amagare aba asiganwa amanukanye imboga zicururizwa ku isoko ryo kwa Mutangana muri Nyabugogo. Izo nizo zigurwa n’abakiriya batandukanye uko bugenda bucya. Nguko kandi uko mu mihanda iva i Gicumbi no mut undi duce,amagare aba ashoreranye amwe yikoreye amakara, andi amata, byose byerekeje mu mugi wa Kigali, abasore n’abagabo bayanyonga ubudatuza, akuya kabarenze. Ni koko umurimo ni uwa kare. Kandi ni mu gihe, aba baba bahiga ifaranga.
Mu mugi naho amagare aba acicikana ageza abagenzi Nyabugogo.
Ku mafaranga make, abo bagenzi babasha kugera aho bakorera bihuse, bijyanye n’ubushobozi bafite. Ibi kandi si umwihariko wa Kigali kuko n’ahandi mu gihugu ariko bimeze : muri Muhanga, Huye, Musanze, na Rubavu, Rwamagana, Ngoma na Nyagatare, mu migi no mu byaro byaho igare igare ritunze benshi.
Igare ni imibereho kuri benshi
Mvuze ko abenshi mu batwara amagare ari urubyiruko ndakeka nta wantera ibuye ! Ni byo kandi ! Ikirenzeho, muri aba abenshi muri bo ntibagize amahirwe yo kugera mu ishuri. Banze kuba ibisambo n’ibyigomeke. Bahitamo kwishakamo ubushobozi bafata amagare baranyonga kugira ngo biteze imbere. Mu mugoroba, ku ruhande rumwe abakorera Nyabugogo ntibatinya kukubwira imbamutima zabo. Bati « aho gutungwa no gushikuza amatelefoni bakakujyana mabuso, dutunzwe n’imitsi yacu.» Ku rundi ruhande, abandi nabo bati « nta kiryoha nko gutungwa n’ako wavunikiye. Ibi biratwubahisha kuko biturinda gusaba no kwaya.» Mu maso yabo, nubwo haba hagaragara umunaniro batewe n’akazi katoroshye namba nyamara ubasomamo icyizere, kwiyumva no kwishimira ibyo bakora, na duke babikuramo.
Aba kandi si urubyiruko gusa mu buryo bwo kuvuga ko batarashaka. Barimo n’abagabo batunze imiryango. Aba iyo bavuga ibigwi by’igare bakubwira ko akazi bakora kabatunze kandi bakishimiye. Umwe muri bo ati « mfite umugore n’abana babiri. Umugore wanjye yankunze nyonga igare, tubana ndinyonga kandi iri gare riratugaburira jye n’umuryango wose. Umugore azinduka ashakisha nanjye nkabyukira mu muhanda nyonga igare tugahuriza hamwe nimugoroba. Abana bariga ndetse nta kirarane cya mitiweli tujya tugira ». Uyu mugabo uri mu kigero cy’imyaka isaga mirongo itatu(30) yemeza ko akazi ari agatunze nyirako.
Ibi ni ukuri kuko igihe kimwe amagare yigeze gucibwa mu mu gihugu n’inama njyanama z’uturere ayashinja guteza impanuka ubuzima bw’abayatwaraga bujya mu kaga, bamwe bahinduka ibisambo, abandi barashomera, kuburyo buri wese yababonagamo undi mutwaro ku gihugu.
Mu ijambo Perezida wa Repubulika Paul Kagame yavuze ubwo yakiraga indahiro za bamwe mu bagize guverimoma ya 18 Kanama 2014 , yavuze ko atumva impamvu amagare yaciwe muri kaburimbo. Ko guca amagare biramutse ari cyo cyemezo gikwiye mu guhashya impanuka, ubwo byasaba ko abagenzi babuzwa kugenda no mu modoka kuko nazo zikora impanuka. Perezida yagize ati, “Mperutse kubona amagare agenda mu mihanda avanwamo ngo arateza impanuka, gusa ibi sibyo bya ngombwa, ubwo nimuca amagare bivuze ko tuzaca n’abantu bagendaga mu modoka, abantu bagendeshe amaguru!” Iryo jambo rikimara kuvugwa, abambere beguye amagare basubira mu muhanda.
Uretse mu mugi wa Kigali, mu bice by’icyaro usanga hari abo amagare yubakiye amazu biturutse ku kazi k’ubunyonzi bayakoresha buri munsi akabinjiriza amafaranga. Bamwe bakubwira ko bashobora gutwara imizigo bakishyurwa atari munsi y’ibihumbi bine ku munsi, abandi bakakubwira ko batwara imizigo ikagera ku maseta yabo bagacuruza bakanayicyura nta kindi kiguzi, ibyo byose bikaba isoko y’imibereyeho myiza y’imiryango yabo.
Igare igisubizo kidahabwa agaciro
Bamwe mu rubyiruko cyane abataragize amahirwe yo kujya ku ishuri, igare ribafasha cyangwa ryabafasha byinshi. Kuri bo hari gahunda nziza zigezwa hirya no hino mu gihugu ariko ugasanga zifasha umuryango muri rusange bo ntibibonemo. Urugero, gahunda ya girinka ifasha umuryango wose, gahunda ya VUP iza ireba abatishoboye cyane, ndetse n’imishinga iteza imbere urubyiruko ariko ugasanga urutarize rutabona amahirwe.
Urubyiruko rw’abahungu n’abakobwa rusa n’aho ngo rusigara rwihigira mu mirimo y’ubwubatsi n’ubuyede, ababibishoboye bakajya mu buhinzi. Nubwo ibi batabigaya cyane kuko umurimo ari utunze nyirawo, ariko ngo yibaye byashobokaga ko bene ibi bikoresho nk’amagare, bafashwa kubibona byabafasha nabo kwiteza imbere. Nka gahunda ya gira igare rubyiruko.
Gusa igare rirahenda ! Irishyashya ku isoko ryo mu Rwanda riri mu bihumbi ijana na makumyabiri (120 000Frw). Ni amafaranga adashobora kubonwa na buri wese cyane cyane abadafite akazi. Nyamara bamwe mu rubyiruko bibwira ko Leta nk’uko yagiye ishishikariza ibigo by’imari gufasha abanyarwanda mu ngeri zitandukanye, urubyiruko narwo rushobora gufashwa kubona igishoro cy’amagare bashobora kugenda bishyura buhoro buhoro noneho nabo bakaba babasha gukora.
Porogaramu ya Gira igare rubyiruko igiyeho yafasha cyane cyane abatishoboye bakiri bato ariko bafite imbaraga n’ubushake kwitunga badasabirije cyangwa ngo babe bajya mu ngeso mbi bashaka imibereho. Uretse n’ibyo kandi ngo bene iyo porogaramu yafasha gukura mu bwigunge uduce tumwe na tumwe aho imodoka zigera bigoranye, igafasha mu kugeza amazi mu ngo, n’ibindi bikoresho by’ibanze nkenerwa ariko byahagezwa byishyuye bityo umunyonzi wakoze ako kazi akinjiza.
Hejuru y’ibyo ariko iyi porogaramu yarinda urubyiruko kwishora mu biyobyabwenge kuko rwabona umurimo ruhugiraho unarugabanyiriza ubwigunge no kwiheba kubera kubura akazi, igafasha mu kwirinda kwangiza ikirere kuko igare ridatera umwotsi, ariko yanafasha mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi kuko utwara igare akorera amafaranga ,ntiyishyurwa gusa, ahubwo aba anakoreramo siporo akagira ubuzima bwiza.
Urubyiruko nirwo rugize umubare munini w’abaturarwanda. Abenshi bari mu mashuri, yashyizweho muri Gahunda y’uburezi bw’ibanze bw’imyaka 9 na 12 n’andi mashuri atandukanye y’ubumenyi ngiro abafasha kwiga imyuga. Hari kandi n’udukiriro. Ariko kandi, hari abataragize ayo mahirwe cyangwa barangiza ntibabone akazi. Gutunga amagare byababera kimwe mu bisubizo.
Impano, ubukangurambaga, ishoramari …
Hejuru yo kwinjiriza abakiri bato amafaranga, igare rifite ubushobozi bwo gufasha umuryango nyarwanda gukemura bimwe mu bibazo bafite muri iki gihe. Urubyiruko rushobora kwifashisha amagare rugakoresha amarushanwa bityo bikaba inzira nziza yo gutanga ibyishimo ku bantu n’umuyoboro mwiza wo kunyuzamo ubutumwa butandukanye bushishikariza abaturage kurushaho kugira ubuzima bwiza, kwiteza imbere no kugira uruhare mu miyoborere n’iterambere ry’igihugu, imibanire myiza y’abaturarwanda, gukumira no gukemura amakimbirane, kurwanya jenoside n’ingengabitekerezo yayo,kwimakaza ubumwe n’ishema ry’Abanyarwanda n’ibindi byinshi.
Si ibyo gusa kuko gutunga igare no kurinyonga bishobora gutuma bamwe mu rubyiruko barushaho gukuza impano yo gutwara igare bityo bikaba byababera inzira yo kwigaragaza mu ruhando rw’amahanga bahesha ishema urwababyaye ndetse gutwara igare bikababera akazi bahemberwa bikabateza imbere bihambaye. Ibi birazwi cyane kuko abatwara amagara bya kinyamwuga mu Rwanda abenshi ntaho babyize, babanje kuba abanyonzi bakorera amafaranga, bisanga bavuyemo abanyonzi babikora kinyamwuga nk’umukino bikabinjiriza kurushaho. Ubu bari mubahagaze neza mu bukungu mu Rwanda.
Byongeye kandi, uko abatari bake mu rubyiruko barushaho kwitabira gutunga no gukoresha igare nk’uburyo bwo kwiteza imbere ni nako gukoresha igare mu buzima busanzwe bwa buri munsi byarushaho gucengera Abanyarwanda bose maze byamara kuba umuco abantu bakabyungukiramo ubugira kenshi: kwirinda guhumanya ikirere, kugera aho ujya udatanze ibya mirenge (umuco wo kuzigama no gukoresha amafaranga neza) kandi wabungabunze ubuzima mu buryo bwo gukora siporo. Muri ubwo buryo, Gira igare rubyiruko yazakura maze igahinduka Gira igare munyarwanda.
Birakwiye ko inzego zitandukanye z’igihugu zihuriye ku nshingano yo guteza imibereho myiza n’iterambere ry’umuturage muri rusange n’iry’urubyiruko by’umwihariko zifatanyiriza hamwe maze zikaba zatekereza gahunda ya Gira igare rubyiruko nka bumwe mu buryo bw’umwimerere nyarwanda bwo kurwanya ubukene no kwishakamo ibisubizo. Minisiteri y’Urubyiruko, iy’Ubumwe n’inshingano mboneragihugu, iy’Umurimo n’iy’Ubutegetsi bw’igihugu n’izindi nzego na RGB, RDB, NYC zizagira uruhare rugaragara mu gushyigikira iyi gahunga. Gushora mu rubyiruko ni uguteganya neza ejo hazaza. Ibi kandi byanareba inzego z’abikorera nabo bagira uruhare muri iki gikorwa. Urugero amabanki yatanga inguzanyo ku nyungu nto kuri iyi gahunda, ibigo bikomeye byaremera urubyiruko rudafite ubushobozi n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa batandukanye.
Ni n’ishoramari ariko. Iyo uganiriye na bamwe mu banyonzi bakubwira ko byatangiye amagare bayatwarira abandi bishyura ku munsi. Bagenda bizigama kugeza baguze ayabo. Abatarayagira ari ayabo bakora baverisa(baha abakoresha babo ayo bakoreye bapatannye) nabo bagatwara asigaye. Iri se si irindi shoramari ryakwinjiriza ushoyemo? Nta munyagara w’ifaranga.
Hari abagira impungenge bati « ese iyi gahunda ibaye ntiyazateza akajagari mu mihanda »? Ngicyo icyo inzego zitandukanye ziberaho cyane iz’umutekano n’ubuyobozi. Kuko burya, aho guterwa akajagari n’abadafite akazi, baguteza umutekano muke, wagatezwa n’abafite akazi. Nibura abo bo, wabaha umurongo, kuko iyo baziko nabo bibinjiriza, nta kabuza uwo murongo barawukurikiza.
Niyonagize Fulgence
