Kugira ngo amafi n’isambaza bishobore kororoka bitekanye mu kiyaga cya Kivu, buri mwaka u Rwanda rufata amezi abiri yo guhagarika uburobyi muri icyo kiyaga. Kimwe mu bivugwa ko bitera umusaruro w’isambaza kugabanyuka, harimo imyanda itabwa mu kiyaga cya Kivu ituma zimwe muri zo zipfa.
Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubwowozi (MINAGRI), igaragaza ko isambaza zihura n’ibibazo byo kororoka kubera imyanda ishyirwa mu kiyaga cya Kivu, kuko ibangamira iyororoka ryazo. Iyo myanda igizwe n’amashashi na pulasitiki bijugunywa mu mazi, bikagenda bikaruhukira ku nkombe, aho isambaza ziterera amagi bikabangamira iyororoka ryazo.
Abakora isuku mu mujyi wa Gisenyi mu kigo cyitwa ‘Inzira nziza’, bavuga ko buri kwezi bakura imyanda y’amashashi na pulasitiki ku nkengero z’ikiyaga cya Kivu, biba byazanywe n’amazi.
Umwe muribo avuga ko hari igihe imyanda itabwa mu Kivu, babona ije ari myinshi ikaruhukira ku nkombe, abayobozi babo bakabasaba kuyikuraho.
Uyu mubyeyi ukuze, avuga ko bibasaba iminsi gukuramo iyi myanda, igashyirwa aho imodoka ziza kuyipakira zikayijyana kuyijugunya.
Bamwe mu baturiye ikiyaga cya Kivu bavuga ko pulasitike nyinshi zidaturuka ku butaka bw’u Rwanda, ahubwo zituruka mu mujyi wa Goma. Izo ni amacupa n’imifuniko by’ibinyobwa bya Replace cap, Lyon, Premidis, Mirinda, Everyess, Hema, Savona, Bukoola na La vie, bicuruzwa cyane muri Congo.
Hagati aho ariko, hari ibindi bikoresho bya pulasitiki byinshi biboneka mu mazi, by’ibicuruzwa byo mu Rwanda nk’amacupa y’amazi ya Nil, Inyange, Energy, Coca Cola, sprite n’uducupa twa Yawurute Imena.
Umuyobozi w’Ibitaro bya Gisenyi, CSP Dr Tuganeyezu Ernest, yabwiye Kigali Today ko ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bigira ingaruka ku buzima by’ibinyabuzima biboneka mu mazi.
Gufunga ikiyaga no kongera umusaruro
Uyu ni umwanzuro wafashwe na Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (MINAGRI), mu rwego rwo kongera umusaruro w’isambaza zororokera mu kiyaga cya Kivu, nyuma y’uko umusaruro w’ibyororerwa muri icyo kiyaga wari ukomeje kugabanuka.
Ubuyobozi bwa MINAGRI mu ishami rishinzwe uburobyi, butangaza ko guhagarika uburobyi igihe cy’amezi nibura abiri mu mwaka, bifasha amafi n’isambaza birobwa umunsi ku wundi kororoka.
Mukasekuru Mathilde ukuriye ishami rishinzwe ubworozi bw’amafi muri MINAGRI, yabwiye Kigali Today ko ibikorwa byo gufunga uburobyi mu kiyaga, bifasha amafi n’isambaza kororoka kuko amezi 10 abarobyi baroba, ntaba yabonye umwanya wo gutuza ngo atere amagi.
Isambaza zo mu Kivu zikomeje kwicwa na pulasitiki zimenywamo
Akomeza agaragaza ko iyo ikiyaga gifunguye, umusaruro w’isambaza wiyongera bigendeye ku ngano y’amazi. Mu turere dufite amazi magufi nka Rusizi na Rubavu bashobora kuroba toni y’isambaza ku munsi, naho mu Turere nka Nyamasheke na Rutsiro dufite amazi magari kandi maremare, bashobora kuroba toni zirenga ebyiri.
Mukasekuru yongeraho ko igihe cyo gufunga ikiyaga kigera umusaruro waragabanutse, aho Akarere karobaga toni ku munsi, bafunga karoba ibiro 50 ku munsi.
Ingaruka ku binyabuzima
N’ubwo mu Karere ka Rubavu hataraboneka indwara ziterwa n’umwanda w’amashashi na pulasitiki biboneka mu kiyaga cya Kivu, CSP Dr Tuganeyezu avuga ko ibinyabuzima biba mu kiyaga birya uduce twa pulasitiki ziboneka mu kiyaga, kandi abantu bariye ibyo binyabuzima bishobora kubagiraho ingaruka mu gihe runaka.
Agira ati “Ntabwo turabona indwara cyangwa ngo dukore ubushakashatsi bw’indwara ziterwa n’umwanda w’amashashi na pulasitiki biboneka mu kiyaga cya Kivu, ariko ntiwakwizera ko bitagira ingaruka ku binyabuzima biba mu mazi.”
CSP Dr Tuganeyezu avuga ko zimwe mu ndwara ziterwa n’isuku nke babonye zibasira abaturiye ikiyaga cya Kivu, mu Murenge wa Nyamyumba, ari iziterwa n’umwanda umanurwa n’isuri ukajya muri icyo kiyaga, abaturage bakoresha amazi yacyo bakagira ibibazo bya Kolera n’izindi ndwara ziterwa n’isuku nke.
Akomeza avuga ko n’ubwo haba ingaruka ziterwa na pulasitiki zitabwa mu kiyaga cya Kivu zitaratangira kugaragara, ngo amahirwe ahari ni uko ubuyobozi bwihutira gukura pulasitiki n’amashashi mu kiyaga cya Kivu iyo bibonetse.
Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Rubavu, Kambogo Ildephonse, yabwiye Kigali Today ko iki kibazo kibangamira isuku y’Akarere, kandi bamaze kukimenyesha ubuyobozi bw’umujyi wa Goma.
Agira ati “Twabagejejeho ikibazo ntibaradusubiza, gusa batubwiye ko dushobora no kuzajya dukorera umuganda hamwe mu gusukura ikiyaga cya Kivu”.
Kambogo avuga ko uretse gukora umuganda wo gusukura ku nkengero z’ikiyaga cya Kivu, basaba abajyayo kwirinda guta amacupa aho babonye, ahubwo agashyirwa mu mwanya wateguwe.
Mu macupa ya pulasitiki aboneka mu mazi y’ikiyaga cya Kivu, hari amanurwa n’isuri kuko amazi yose yo mu Karere ka Rubavu aruhukira muri icyo kiyaga, icyakora Umuyobozi w’Akarere avuga ko barimo gucukura ibyobo bica intege amazi, kandi imyanda imanuka ikazajya isigara muri ibyo byobo, igakurwamo.
Pulasitiki zifatwa nk’umwanzi w’ibinyabuzima biba mu mazi kuko buri mwaka toni miliyoni 8 z’imyanda zimenwa mu mazi, kandi nta cyizere ko bigiye guhagarara, nk’uko impugucye zibivuga.
Dr Tuganeyezu uyobora ibitaro bya Gisenyi, agira ko “Zimwe muri pulasitiki zigera mu mazi zigacikamo uduce dutoya dutwarwa n’amazi tukaribwa n’ibinyabuzima, kandi dushobora kubigiraho ingaruka, nk’uko n’umuntu ariye ifi cyangwa isambaza yaturiye bishobora kumugiraho ingaruka.”
Inyigo yakozwe n’ikinyamakuru The Guardian mu mwaka wa 2020, igaragaza ko hakoreshejwe nibura miliyari 500 z’amacupa ya pulasitiki, kandi nyinshi murizo zikoreshwa ntizongera gukorwamo ibindi bikoresho, ahubwo zijugunywa mu mazi izindi zikanyanyagizwa ku musozi.
Iyi nyigo igaragaza ko imyanda ya pulasitiki yica nibura miliyoni y’inyamaswa zigera ku moko 700.
Umuryango wa MacArthur ukorera muri Amerika, uvuga ko hatagize igikorwa, mu mwaka wa 2050 inyanja zizaba zibitse pulasitiki nyinshi kurusha amafi.
HIGIRO Adolphe
