Kuva muri werurwe 2020 igihe hatangiraga Guma mu rugo kubera icyorezo cya COVID19, mu Rwanda abakobwa b’amikoro make cyane cyane impunzi; abenshi bahuye n’ubuzima bushaririye bwo kubura ibitambaro by’isuku bizwi nka “Cotex”.
Igihe Covid19, yagaragaraga mu Rwanda hakabaho “Guma mu rugo”, ababuze akazi bagiye bafashwa na Leta kubona ibiryo. Ibi bigamije kubafasha kuba basunika iminsi mu gihe imirimo myinshi yari yahagaze. Mu bufasha bwatanzwe n’inzego zitandukanye ntabwo ibijyanye n’ibikoresho byihariye ku bantu runaka, nk’iby’isuku bikoreshwa n’abagore n’abakobwa byatekerejweho. Ntibyagaragayemo. Kubyikopesha ntibyashobokaga kuko abacuruzi bamwe batazi agaciro kazo, bamwe bitaga uzikopesha “umunyamurengwe” kuko ngo icy’ibanze byari ibyo kurya. Abenshi imirimo yo kwigisha mu mashuri yigenga, gukora mu tubari n’utundi turaka twa ba nyakabyizi nibyo byabahaga amafaranga yo kwiyitaho muri rusange birimo no kwibonera bene ibyo bikoresho.
Kwikopesha ibindi bikenerwa byarashobokaga, ubufasha bw’ibiribwa bwagiye butangwa, byarashobokaga kubaho nta mavuta cyangwa isabune, ariko byari bikomeye kubaho nta bikoresho by’isuku bizwi nka “Cotex” mu gihe cy’imihango.
Ingabire (izina ryahinduwe) wari usanzwe akora mu kabari ahazwi nko ku Kisimenti, agira ati “N’ubu biragoye kujya kwikopesha Cotex. N’uwagira izo ngufu zo kujyayo, acibwa intege n’imyumvire ya bamwe mu bacuruzi batazi agaciro kazo”.
Uyu mukobwa w’impunzi mu Rwanda ufite inkomoko mu Burundi, akomeza avuga ko byamugoye cyane mu gihe Guma mu rugo yari igezemo hagati (Mata 2020). Ngo nta faranga yari agifite, yewe nta n’aho yagombaga gukura ubundi bufasha bw’amafaranga. We n’abandi bavandimwe be batatu b’abakobwa bageraga igihe cy’imihango, bagakoresha ibitambaro baciye ku myenda yashaje babanje kubimesa neza.
N’imyenda yo gukatamo ibitambaro yarabuze
Uyu mukobwa n’abavandimwe be batatu, byageze aho imyenda yo gucaho ibitambaro irabashirana, batangira kujya babika ibyo bakoresheje. Ati “Ntabwo umwenda uvaho icyo gitambaro ari umwenda waboze ahubwo ni usa n’ukiri muzima. Iyo rero yaradushiranye, twigira inama yo kujya dufura udupande twakoresheje, igihe cy’imihango cyagera, tukongera tukadukoresha. Kandi ubwo ntawitaga ngo aka ni akanjye cyangwa ni aka kanaka kuko twaratizanyaga”.
Iki si ikibazo muri uyu muryango gusa, ahubwo cyabaye rusange cyane cyane ku mpunzi zitaba mu nkambi, dore ko nta bundi bufasha zigenerwa uretse abafite ibibazo byihariye nk’abafite uburwayi buhoraho bashobora guhabwa ubufasha bw’amafaranga. Abahabwa kandi ubufasha bw’ubuvuzi ni abana bari munsi y’imyaka 12 n’abakuru barengeje imyaka 50 barwaye indwara zidakira, abandi barirwariza.
Mu miryango yose itari iya leta ikorana n’impunzi ngo ntabigeze batanga bene ubu bufasha nk’uko imyinshi yabyihamirije. Cyakora umwe mu bakora muri iyi miryango utarashatse kuvuga amazina ye kubera ko ngo atari umuvugizi wawo, avuga ko iki ari ikibazo cyari gikwiye gushishikaza imiryango myinshi ariko ntabyabaye, yewe ngo n’abatanze ubufasha bose bagarukiraga ku byo kurya gusa. Ati “Nkanjye w’igitsinagore sinagitekerejeho ariko ni ikibazo gikakaye. Aho gikomerera ntawe upfa kukibona yewe na ba nyir’ubwite ntibashobora kukibwira uwo ari we wese kubera imyumvire ya sosiyete tubamo”.
Ikibazo cya gender cyirengagizwa
Iyo bavuze gender birenga uburinganire ahubwo hakaba no kurebwa ibikenerwa ku gitisina runaka bigifasha kugira ngo kitabangamirwa no gukora inshingano gifite. Kwirengagiza gufasha aba bakobwa b’impunzi n’abandi kubona ibikoresho by’isuku yo mu gihe cy’imihango mu bihe nk’ibi bya Covid19 nabyo bigaragara nko kutagira ubumenyi kuri gender, ibyo kandi bikagaragara ku bagabo no ku bagore. Kutamenya ngo uyu mugabo cyangwa umugore afite umwihariko muri ibi bihe yagombye kugira ubufasha bwihariye ahabwa. Aho gufatira bose mu kigare kimwe cyangwa se muri rusange. Urugero, inyandiko ya Save the Children, y’umwaka ushize wa 2020 igaragaza ko uyu muryango wafashije impunzi zibumbiye mu miryango 87 iri mu karere ka Kicukiro na Gasabo, iyiha inkunga y’ibiribwa n’ibikoresho by’isuku nk’udupfukamunwa n’umuti wo kwisukura (Hand sanitizer)binyuze mu mushinga witwa Next Generation. Nyamara ntaho ugaragaza ko ubufasha bw’izi mpapuro zikoreshwa n’igitsinagore mu gihe cy’imihango bwari ngombwa.
Maggie Korde, umuyobozi wa Save the Children mu Rwanda no mu Burundi, ngo birakwiye ko impunzi zafashwa kwinjizwa no guhabwa serivisi zindi za leta nk’abandi baturage bo mu Rwanda, mu rwego rwo kuzifasha kwikemurira ibibazo by’ibanze by’imibereho yazo ya buri munsi.
Ariko se iyo ikiza nka Covid19 kije, ubuzima bugahagarara bigenda bite ku banyantege nke nk’impunzi? Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’umuryango utari uwa leta w’abagore b’abakristu (YWCA) ufatanyije n’uwitwa “Church World Service” mbere ya COVID 19 ku bijyanye no kubona serivisi z’ingenzi ku mpunzi zo mu mijyi, bwagaragaje ko n’ubundi imibereho yabo yari ishingiye ku mirimo idahoraho, iyi ari na yo COVID 19 yaje ihutaza cyane.
Ubu bushakashatsi kandi bwagaragaje ko kuva muri 2015 mu mpunzi zigera ku bihumbi 70 z’Abarundi zinjiye mu Rwanda muri zo izigera ku bihumbi 25 zari ziri mu mujyi wa Kigali n’uwa Huye mu majyepfo. Ubwo bushakashatsi bwakozwe mu mpera za 2015, bwagaragaje ko abarenga 73% by’impunzi zabajijwe, muri icyo gihe nabwo bafite ibibazo by’imibereho.
Kuri benshi rero ibi bibazo by’imibereho byaje kuba urusobe aho haziye COVID 19. Richard uyobora Maison Shalom iha ubufasha impunzi ziri mu Rwanda, ngo uko ibibazo by’abaturage basanzwe batuye mu Rwanda bitabuze, ngo iby’impunzi byo byikubye inshuro nyinshi dore ko impunzi ziba mu mijyi zo nta bundi bufasha zigenerwa bw’ibiribwa cyangwa amafaranga na HCR cyangwa Leta y’u Rwanda zikaba nta miryango nta n’ubutaka zihagira.
Ubundi ku isoko ry’u Rwanda impapuro zikoreshwa mu gihe igitsinagore kiri mu mihango, igura amafaranga y’u Rwanda ari hagati y’igihumbi na bibiri (1000Frw na 2000Frw). Mu myaka ibiri ishize, Leta y’u Rwanda yari yatangaje gukura imisoro kuri ibyo bikoreho mu rwego rwo korohereza ab’amikoro make kubigura kuri make. Nyamara ariko ku isoko nta cyahindutse ahubwo abazikoresha bakomeza kuvuga ko ibiciro byazo byiyongereye ndetse n’ubwiza(qualité) a cotex ziri ku isoko bukaba bugenda buba bubi.
Iyo hari hari urugo rufite abazikeneye barenga babiri byo biba ibindi bindi, atari no ku mpunzi gusa ari no ku baturage bafite amikoro ari hasi.
Musonera Sosthene
