Kuva Covid-19 igeze mu Rwanda muri Werurwe 2020, ibigo byikorera byagiye bigabanya abakozi, bigeze mu tubari biba ibindi kuko kugeza ubu ntitwemerewe gukora, udukora natwo ni utwashyizemo ibiribwa. Ibi byose bikaba byarahaye ingufu ruswa y’igitsina yakwa abakozi nk’uko abo byabayeho babitangaza.
Kuva muri Werurwe 2020 ubwo Covid-19 yageraga mu Rwanda, abakora ubucuruzi bagiye bahura n’inzitizi zo gufungirwa ubucuruzi bwabo mu rwego rwo kwirinda ikwirakwira ry’iki cyorezo, byanatumaga bamwe mu bakozi bakwa ruswa y’igitsina kugira ngo babashe kuguma gukora, dore ko hari aho byabaga ngombwa ko hagabanywa abakozi, hagakoreshwa umubare muto.Iyi ruswa y’igitsina mu bigo by’abikorera yaherekejwe no kuvanwa mu kazi mu banze kuyitanga, bamwe mu bo byabayeho batangaza ko nta cyizere cy’ejo hazaza bagifite bitewe n’ubushomeri bashyizwemo mu buryo bw’akarengane.
Nyuma yo kwimana ruswa y’igitsina ubuzima ntibuboroheye
Umutoni (izina ryahinduwe ku bw’umutekano w’uwaduhaye amakuru) wakoraga mu kabari gaherereye Nyabugogo mu karere ka Nyarugenge, ubu akaba amaze umwaka urenga nta kazi afite abayeho mu mayobera nk’uko asobanura ukwirukanwa kwe mu kazi, agira ati “Njye nakoraga ntikoresheje ndetse nari mu bakozi abakiriya bakundaga cyane kuko nabahaga serivisi inoze, ariko natunguwe no kumva bosi ampamagara anyiyenzaho ambwira ko ndi ku rutonde rw’abagomba gutaha kuko nta musaruro ufatika ntanga. Ariko ibi ntibyantunguye kuko yari amaze iminsi ansaba ko turyamana ariko nkamuhakanira.”
Yakomeje atangaza ko ubu buzima arimo abuhuriyemo na bagenzi be bakoraga akazi kamwe, aho nawe ubwe yemeza ko urebye ubuzima abakobwa bakoraga mu tubari babayemo bubabaje by’umwihariko abakobwa bakiri bato Covid-19 yasanze aribwo bakinjira mu kazi, ngo kuko bamwe mu bakobwa bakuze cyangwa abagore bakoranaga mu tubari, babagurisha ku bagabo ngo kuko baba bashaka inkumi.
Kuri we ngo iby’ejo hazaza ntakibitekerezaho kuko abara ubukeye mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose yabigeraho, ngo ibi byose bikaba ari ingaruka z’uko yanze kuryamana na shebuja yirinda ko yamwanduza Sida kuko bayimuvugagaho ndetse ko hari n’abakozi be yayanduje.
Uwitwa Umutesi(izina ryahinduwe ku bw’umutekano w’uwaduhaye amakuru), nawe wakoreraga mu kabari gaherereye mu karere ka Gasabo, yatangaje ko yirukanwe nyuma yo kugeragezwa inshuro zirenga 5 na shebuja ashaka kumusambanya, abyanze birangira amwirukanye ndetse anamusize icyaha cyo kumwiba amafaranga arenga ibihumbi ijana (100,000frw); ati “Umubosi wanjye yangerageje inshuro nyinshi kunsambanya nkamunanira, akazajya ambwira ko ninkomeza kumwangira azanyirukana, kandi ni nako byagenze, yaranyirukanye ndetse anangerekaho igihombo kingana n’amafaranga yari amfitiye agamije kunyambura kandi yabigezeho.”
Akomeza atangaza ko iki ari ikibazo gikomeye kuko batabona n’aho barega ngo kuko kubona ibimenyetso bya ruswa y’igitsina biba bigoye.
Undi mukobwa utuye mu Karere ka Kicukiro, watswe ruswa y’igitsina yabyanga bikamuviramo kubura akazi, yakoraga muri kimwe mu bigo bitwara abagenzi mu buryo bwa rusange, ariko k’ubw’umutekano we akaba atarashatse ko umwirondoro we utangazwa, yemeje ko Charroi (soma sharuwa bivuga ushinzwe imodoka) yamugenzeho ashaka ko baryamana, abyanze birangira ashyizwe ku rutonde rw’abirukanwa kubera igihombo gikomoka kuri Covid-19 nk’uko yahoraga abimukangisha.Ati “Njye mpabwa akazi muri kiriya kigo numvaga ko sharuwa aryamana n’abakozi ariko simbyiteho, ariko tuvuye muri guma mu rugo ya mbere aho hahwihwiswaga kugabanya abakozi kubera Covid-19 yangije imikorere, nibwo nanjye yangezeho ambwira ko ndi umukozi mwiza ko ariko bidahagije ngomba kumuha bitaba ibyo nanjye nkajya ku rutonde rw’abataha.”
ngo umugambi we wo kumwirukana mu kazi yawugezeho ubu ni umushomeri aho abayeho mu buzima bumugoye.
Abavugwaho ruswa y’igitsina baratsemba
Umuyobozi w’iki kigo gitwara abagenzi cyavuzwemo ikibazo cya ruswa y’igitsina, atangaza ko iki kibazo ntacyo azi ko ndetse nta cyabayeho kuko iyo kibaho atari kukiyoberwa, aho agira ati “Akenshi iyo umuntu avanywe mu kazi agerageza guharabika ikigo avuyemo. Iki kibazo nticyabayeho kuko iyo biba ari ukuri yari kubimbwira kuko uwo avuga wamwatse ruswa ni umukozi mugenzi we, uretse ko atakinakora hano yirukanwe azira andi makosa.”
Abandi bakoresha bavuzweho ruswa y’igitsina bo banze kugira icyo batangaza, ahubwo bagaragaza amahane n’uburakari bwinshi.
Transparency International Rwanda, ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira ruswa n’akarengane, yemeza ko ikibazo cya ruswa ishingiye ku mibonano mpuzabitsina kibangamiye abasaba akazi mu gihugu, nk’uko Umuyobozi nshingwa bikorwa wayo, Bwana Mupiganyi Apollinaire yabitangaje. Avuga ko nta bushakashatsi bakoze muri iki gihe cya Covid-19, ariko ko bakiriye ubuhamya bunyuranye by’umwihariko abakoraga mu mahoteri n’amaresitora. Agira ati “Dufite ubuhamya bunyuranye bw’abatswe ruswa y’igitsina babyanga bikabaviramo kubura akazi, by’umwihariko ubuhamya bwinshi twabwakiriye umwaka ushize kuva mu kwezi kwa Kanama kugeza mu kwezi k’Ukuboza, aho hari abatswe ruswa y’igitsina bayimana bakirukanwa mu kazi.”
Iki kigo kivuga kandi ko muri rusange iki kibazo kigaragara cyane mu nzego zitanga imirimo, aho abakozi cyane cyane ab’igitsinagore basabwa kuryamana n’abakoresha mbere mu itangwa ry’akazi cyangwa mu gihe hagiye kuba igabanywa ry’abakozi, kikerekana ko urugero rw’iyi ruswa ishingiye ku gitsina ruruta urwa ruswa isanzwe, dore ko mu bushakashatsi bwakorewe mu gihugu hose mu bigo birenga Magana abiri(200) bitanga akazi byaba ibya leta n’ibyigenga, Transparency International Rwanda yasanze abavugwaho ingaruka z’iki kibazo ari abashaka akazi bwa mbere; by’umwihariko abakobwa n’abagore.
Umuyobozi w’umujyi wa Kigali wungirije ufite imibereho myiza y’abaturage mu nshingano ze, Umutoni Gatsinzi Nadine, yatangaje ko nta bufasha cyangwa ubundi butabazi bw’umwihariko bagenera abagore n’abakobwa birukanywe mu kazi nyuma yo kwimana ruswa y’igitsina, aho agira ati “Nta butabazi bw’umwihariko dufite ku bagore cyangwa abakobwa birukanywe nyuma yo kwanga kuryamana n’abakoresha babo, twe dutanga ubufasha ku batishoboye muri rusange, ariko nta mwihariko dufitiye aba bantu. Yakomeje avuga ko ikindi kibera ubuyobozi imbogamizi ari abakwa iyi ruswa bakinumira, dore ko yemera ko ibaho ariko abenshi bakabiceceka kuko baba batabona ibimenyetso.”
Mu gushaka kumenya niba hari ibirego urwego rw’ubushinjacyaha (RIB) rwakiriye kuri iyi ruswa, Umuvugizi wa RIB, Dr Murangira B. Thierry yavuze ko mu byo bakiriye ubusesenguzi bwagaragaje ko ntaho bihuriye, agira ati
Kuva Covid-19 yatangira kugera tariki 25 Gashyantare 2021 twakiriye ibirego 6 bya ruswa ishingiye ku gitsina, ariko mu isesengura rihari ntaho bihuriye na Covid, nta sano bifitanye; ni ruswa y’igitsina yakwaga n’abantu kugira ngo nyir’ugushaka serivisi ayihabwe.
Gusa kuba barakiriye ibibazo bitandatu gusa ntibivuze ko bidakorwa ahubwo ni uko banyiri ugusabwa iyo ruswa iyo batayitanze bahitamo kwicecekera bagapfiramo imbere, abayitanze nabo bakanga kwishyira hanze ngo batikura amata ku munwa.
Ubuyobozi bwa Komisiyo ishinzwe abakozi mu Rwanda, mu mwakawa 2014-2015 bwari bwerekanye ko ruswa ishingiye ku gitsina mu itangwa ry’akazi iri ku gipimo cya 40% mu Rwanda.
Habimana Jonathan
